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HYPOXIA IS FREQUENT IN WHICH BREATH-HOLDING DISCIPLINES ?
This is an abstract of international journal of sport and medicine, April 2007:
Since the first official world championships in breath-hold diving (1996), a sport has developed where the athletes compete
in various disciplines of breath-hold diving. One of the rules is that the diver should surface from a dive without showing any
signs of hypoxia. Depending on the severity of hypoxia, a diver may suffer disqualifying signs such as loss of consciousness
(LOC) or loss of motor control (LMC), the latter including signs such as confusion, affected postural control, spasms or speech
problems. Data was collected from the results of the major international competitions following AIDA guidelines (Association
International pour le Dévelopment de l'Apnée) in 1998, 2001 - 2004. The data was analyzed for frequency of LOC and LMC
during constant weight diving and during static apnea. In constant weight diving, the diver swims down (and up) as deeply
as possible along a vertically suspended rope (current record 105 m). In static apnea, the diver strives for maximum duration,
floating motionless face down in a pool (current record 8.58 min). A total of 601 static apnea (SA) performances and 596
constant weight dives were judged in the six competitions. On average, 10 % of SA, and 11 % of CW performances were
disqualified due to signs of hypoxia. For the competitions in 2002 - 2004, a distinction was made in the rules between LOC and
LMC; of a total number of 355 SA performances, 1.1 % resulted in LOC, while 9.6 % resulted in LMC. For CW, the number was
344 with 6.1 % LOC and 6.1 % LMC. Despite the relatively high incidence of dramatic signs, it is noteworthy that there have
been no reports of fatal accidents or permanent injuries from any of the above-mentioned competitions. This descriptive
paper shows a relatively high incidence of disqualifications due to signs of hypoxia in breath-hold competitions 1998 - 2004.
As we see in the article the incidence of LOC and LMC are the same, but the LOC is higher in CW performances, 1.1% SA
and 6.1% CW.
HYPOXIA as I noticed in black out article is a common major and serious problem while training in the sea or the pool.
LMC or we called it as “SAMBA” can happen at <40mm hg of ppO2 (partial pressure of oxygen), with judgment
perturbation.LOC happens in <30mm hg .as the article noticed there were no major accident in hole competitions like
cardio respiratory arrest, or cardiac infarction, or brain stroke….
KEVORK E.SEMERDJIAN M.D
This is an abstract of international journal of sport and medicine, April 2007:
Since the first official world championships in breath-hold diving (1996), a sport has developed where the athletes compete
in various disciplines of breath-hold diving. One of the rules is that the diver should surface from a dive without showing any
signs of hypoxia. Depending on the severity of hypoxia, a diver may suffer disqualifying signs such as loss of consciousness
(LOC) or loss of motor control (LMC), the latter including signs such as confusion, affected postural control, spasms or speech
problems. Data was collected from the results of the major international competitions following AIDA guidelines (Association
International pour le Dévelopment de l'Apnée) in 1998, 2001 - 2004. The data was analyzed for frequency of LOC and LMC
during constant weight diving and during static apnea. In constant weight diving, the diver swims down (and up) as deeply
as possible along a vertically suspended rope (current record 105 m). In static apnea, the diver strives for maximum duration,
floating motionless face down in a pool (current record 8.58 min). A total of 601 static apnea (SA) performances and 596
constant weight dives were judged in the six competitions. On average, 10 % of SA, and 11 % of CW performances were
disqualified due to signs of hypoxia. For the competitions in 2002 - 2004, a distinction was made in the rules between LOC and
LMC; of a total number of 355 SA performances, 1.1 % resulted in LOC, while 9.6 % resulted in LMC. For CW, the number was
344 with 6.1 % LOC and 6.1 % LMC. Despite the relatively high incidence of dramatic signs, it is noteworthy that there have
been no reports of fatal accidents or permanent injuries from any of the above-mentioned competitions. This descriptive
paper shows a relatively high incidence of disqualifications due to signs of hypoxia in breath-hold competitions 1998 - 2004.
As we see in the article the incidence of LOC and LMC are the same, but the LOC is higher in CW performances, 1.1% SA
and 6.1% CW.
HYPOXIA as I noticed in black out article is a common major and serious problem while training in the sea or the pool.
LMC or we called it as “SAMBA” can happen at <40mm hg of ppO2 (partial pressure of oxygen), with judgment
perturbation.LOC happens in <30mm hg .as the article noticed there were no major accident in hole competitions like
cardio respiratory arrest, or cardiac infarction, or brain stroke….
KEVORK E.SEMERDJIAN M.D
